The No. 1 Central Document of 2021 was released a few days ago. Focusing on hot topics such as how to ensure the supply of food and important agricultural products in the future, how to fight the seed industry's turnaround, and how to plan rural construction, the relevant persons in charge of the Central Agriculture Office and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs made a comprehensive report at a press conference held by the State Council Information Office on the 22nd. Interpretation.
Party and government are responsible for food security
For a large country with a population of 1.4 billion, ensuring food security is an eternal topic.
Tang Renjian, director of the Central Agriculture Office and Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that my country’s food security is fully guaranteed, but the supply and demand of food have been in a tight balance, and demand will continue to grow rigidly in the future. In addition, the uncertainty and instability of the external situation increase. The food security issue cannot be taken lightly.
Tang Renjian said that to ensure food security, the focus is to do a good job of storing grain on the ground and storing grain on technology. my country will take hard measures to "grow teeth", implement the most stringent arable land protection system, firmly guard the red line of 1.8 billion acres of arable land, and ensure that 1.55 billion acres of basic farmland are mainly planted with annual crops such as food, melons and vegetables, and protect them. , Make good use of the black land. The fundamental way to increase grain production in the next step is to rely on science and technology for yields and benefits, resolve to fight a turnaround in the seed industry, and use modern agricultural technology and material equipment to strengthen the support of food security.
At the same time, it is necessary to establish a "two supplements" mechanism guarantee, that is, "supplement with benefit and supplement with justice", improve the subsidy policy for grain farmers, improve the support policy system for large grain-producing counties, and consolidate the local party committee and government's food security. Obligations and responsibilities.
"This time, the No. 1 Central Document clarified that the next step for food security must be the implementation of the party and government responsibility. Previously, the main emphasis was on the governor's responsibility system." Tang Renjian said that through these efforts to ensure that the sown area and output of grain in various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities remain stable. The conditions must continue to improve. To ensure supply, we must not only ensure quantity, but also consider ensuring diversity and quality. The structural reform of the agricultural supply side must continue to be deepened, detailed, and solid.
Five measures to fight for a turnaround in the seed industry
Seeds are the chips of agriculture, and how to make a good turnaround in the seed industry has attracted wide attention.
Zhang Taolin, deputy minister of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that in general, the safety of agricultural seed in my country is guaranteed and the risks are controllable. At present, my country's crops, especially grain seeds, can be solved on their own; the core species of livestock, poultry and aquatic products are sourced at 75% and 85% respectively.
He said that compared with the international advanced level, my country's seed industry still has many incompatibility and shortcomings in its development. The yield of soybeans and corn in my country is not high, and the planting area of foreign varieties of vegetables accounted for 13%.
Zhang Taolin introduced that the No. 1 document of the central government has made top-level design and system deployment for the turnaround of the seed industry, involving the protection of germplasm resources, scientific research on breeding, and market management of the seed industry. We must adhere to the bottom line thinking and problem orientation, follow the law of innovation and development of the seed industry, break the card points, make up for the shortcomings, and strengthen the advantages. Specifically, it mainly includes the following five aspects:
-Germplasm resources must be preserved. Quickly carry out surveys and collections of crops, livestock and poultry, and aquatic resources. Carry out accurate identification and evaluation of germplasm resources, and build a national germplasm resource bank.
-Independent innovation must be alive. It is necessary to strengthen the research on core key technologies of the seed industry, in-depth implementation of joint research on crop and livestock breeding, orderly promote the industrial application of biological breeding, and at the same time strengthen basic and cutting-edge research.
—— Seed industry enterprises should become stronger. It is necessary to select a group of superior enterprises to give priority support, deepen the reform of "delegation, management, and service" in the seed industry, promote the integration of production, education and research, and the integration of breeding, reproduction and promotion, and establish a sound commercial breeding system.
——The level of the base must be raised. It is necessary to develop modern crop seed production bases, and build a national core breeding farm for livestock and poultry and aquatic original breeding farms.
——The market environment should be optimized. Strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights, strict variety management and market supervision.
Improve the long-term mechanism for the stable development of the pig industry
The supply and price of pork are issues of concern to the common people.
Tang Renjian said that since last year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has taken a variety of measures to support the restoration of pig production capacity and stabilize pig production and market supply. As of the end of last year, the live pig stock has recovered to more than 92% of the 2017 level, exceeding expectations by 12 percentage points. Now the overall market supply momentum is improving.
He said that as the new live pig production capacity continues to be realized as pork production, the most tight period of pork market supply has passed, and the supply-demand relationship will become more relaxed in the later period. It is expected that by around June this year, the stock of live pigs can return to the level of the normal year of 2017, and the supply of live pigs and pork supply will gradually return to normal in the second half of the year.
This year's No. 1 document of the central government proposes to protect the basic production capacity of live pigs and improve the long-term mechanism for the stable and orderly development of the pig industry.
“We must focus on the current recovery and long-term stable production.” Tang Renjian said that the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will closely monitor the development of live pig production, and study specific methods to stabilize and reserve live pig production capacity to ensure the stable development of the live pig industry.
Plan and implement a good rural construction action
An important starting point for rural modernization is to plan and implement rural construction activities.
Wu Hongyao, director of the Secretary Bureau of the Central Agricultural Office, said that the planning of rural construction activities must be well prepared, the planning must be prioritized, and the layout and classification of villages must be reasonably determined.
"Rural planning is a construction drawing for rural construction. If there is no plan, random construction and occupation will emerge." He emphasized that the compilation of village planning should be carried out on the existing basis and focus on practicality. Villages should maintain the unique style of the countryside, retain the nostalgia and fireworks, and prevent one thousand villages. It is necessary to strictly regulate the withdrawal of villages, and must not force them to go upstairs against the wishes of the farmers.
Wu Hongyao said that it is necessary to do a good job in the improvement and improvement of rural human settlements and the construction of village infrastructure. Continue to focus on the construction of public infrastructure in rural areas, and strive to promote the coverage of villages and the extension of households. We must also do a good job in improving public services in rural areas, focusing on prominent problems reported by farmers such as education, medical care, pensions, and social security, and continue to promote the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas.
"Rural construction is not a swarm of construction. It is necessary to strengthen overall planning, highlight the key points, take the county as an important entry point for the development of urban and rural integration, implement county and rural coordination for infrastructure and public services, and identify different construction priorities at different levels to achieve functional convergence and complementarity. , Resource allocation." Wu Hongyao emphasized that in rural construction, we must respect the wishes of farmers and proceed from the reality of the countryside to truly do good things and do practical things.
Source: Xinhua News Agency
